Role of a COVID-19 contact tracing program in identifying a false-positive nasopharyngeal RT-PCR case: A case report
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Publicado
Jan 16, 2022
Resumen
This article presents a case report to highlight the role that local contact tracing programs have in the identification of false-positive cases of COVID-19. On June 19, 2020, the contact tracing program of San Germán in Puerto Rico was notified about a woman (JB11) whose nasopharyngeal RT-PCR test result for COVID-19 was positive. JB11 reported that the initial test was performed on June 12 as part of a widespread screening program for COVID-19. On June 21, the Puerto Rico Department of Health (PRDH) issued a statement to the local media alleging a possible outbreak in San Germán. However, after further testing, JB11 was recategorized as an RT-PCR false-positive case. This false-positive result may have been caused by technical cross-contamination at any point along the sample chain of testing. JB11 suffered from psychological distress due to the mishandling of her case in the media by the PRDH. This case report serves to illustrate that a well-organized local contact tracing program can be effective in identifying false-positive RT-PCR cases and reducing the risk of contagion, as well as to help reduce personal distress and the burden on the healthcare system by building public trust through effective science and risk communication.
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References
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To, K. K., Li, X., Lung, D. C., Ip, J. D., Chan, W. M., Chu, A. W., Yip, C. C., Chen, J. H. K., Poon, R. W., Tsoi, H. W., Lai, R. W., To, W. K., Ren, L., Li, M., Cao, Y., Xie, X. S., Jin, D. Y., & Yuen, K. Y. (2021). False COVID-19 cases due to contamination by inactivated virus vaccine. Clinical Infectious Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab684
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Valent, F., Gallo, T., Mazzolini, E., Pipan, C., Sartor, A., Merelli, M., Bontempo, G., Marzinotto, S., Curcio, F., & Tascini, C. (2020). A cluster of COVID-19 cases in a small Italian town: a successful example of contact tracing and swab collection. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 26(8), 1112-1114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.04.028
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Ayebare, R. R., Flick, R., Okware, S., Bodo, B., & Lamorde, M. (2020). Adoption of COVID-19 triage strategies for low-income settings. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 8(4), e22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30114-4
Bastos, M. L., Tavaziva, G., Abidi, S. K., Campbell, J. R., Haraoui, L.-P., Johns-ton, J. C., Lan, Z., Law, S., MacLean, E., & Trajman, A. (2020). Diagnostic accura-cy of serological tests for covid-19: systematic review and meta-analysis. The British Medical Journal, 370.
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m2516
Bhanot, D., Singh, T., Verma, S. K., & Sharad, S. (2021). Stigma and discrimination during COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Public Health, 829.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.577018
Brewer, N. T., Salz, T., & Lillie, S. E. (2007). Systematic review: the long-term effects of false-positive mammograms. Annals of Internal Medicine, 146(7), 502-510. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-146-7-200704030-00006
Cruz-Correa, M., Díaz-Toro, E. C., Falcón, J. L., García-Rivera, E. J., Guiot, H. M., Maldonado-Dávila, W. T., Martínez, K. G., Méndez-Latalladi, W., Pérez, C. M., & Quiñones-Feliciano, M. L. (2020). Public Health Academic Alliance for COVID-19 Response: The Role of a National Medical Task Force in Puerto Rico. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(13), 4839. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134839
Gagnier, J. J., Kienle, G., Altman, D. G., Moher, D., Sox, H., Riley, D., & Group, C. (2013). The CARE guidelines: consensus-based clinical case reporting guideline development. Journal of Medical Case Reports, 7(1), 223. https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-1947-7-223
Katz, A. P., Civantos, F. J., Sargi, Z., Leibowitz, J. M., Nicolli, E. A., Weed, D., Moskovitz, A. E., Civantos, A. M., Andrews, D. M., & Martinez, O. (2020). False‐positive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction screening for SARS‐CoV‐2 in the setting of urgent head and neck surgery and otolaryngologic emergencies during the pandemic: Clinical implications. Head & Neck, 42(7), 1621-1628. https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.26317
Kyritsi, M., Vontas, A., Voulgaridi, I., Matziri, A., Komnos, A., Babalis, D., Papadogoulas, A., Oikonomou, A., Mouchtouri, V. A., Speletas, M., & Hadjichristodoulou, C. (2021). Rapid Test Ag 2019-nCoV (PROGNOSIS, BIOTECH, Larissa, Greece); Performance Evaluation in Hospital Setting with Real Time RT-PCR. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(17), 9151. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179151
Layfield, L. J., Camp, S., Bowers, K., & Miller, D. C. (2021). SARS-CoV-2 detection by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction testing: Analysis of false positive results and recommendations for quality control measures. Pathology - Research and Practice, 225, 153579.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prp.2021.153579
Long, C., Xu, H., Shen, Q., Zhang, X., Fan, B., Wang, C., Zeng, B., Li, Z., Li, X., & Li, H. (2020). Diagnosis of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): rRT-PCR or CT? European Journal of Radiology, 126, 108961. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.108961
Madad, S., & Eleanor J. M. (2021, July 27). Guiding Principles for Science and Risk Communicators. Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. Harvard Kennedy School.
https://www.belfercenter.org/publication/guiding-principles-science-and-risk-communicators
Martín-Sánchez, V., Fernández-Villa, T., Carvajal Urueña, A., Rivero Rodríguez, A., Reguero Celada, S., Sánchez Antolín, G., & Fernández-Vázquez, J. P. (2021). Role of Rapid Antigen Testing in Population-Based SARS-CoV-2 Screening. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(17), 3854.
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10173854
Marzán-Rodríguez, M., Morales, L. M., Martínez, I. S., Serrano, R. A., Mattei, J., Rodríguez-Orengo, J. F., & Thompson, K. (2020). Syndromic Surveillance in Puerto Rico During the COVID-19 Response: An Alternative Approach to Scarce Molecular Testing. American Journal of Public Health, 110(9), 1348-1349. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305805
Montori, V. (2020). Why we revolt: a patient revolution for careful and kind care. Rosetta Books.
Montori, V. (2021). A movement for common care. The British Medical Journal, 375. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n2886
Piras, A., Rizzo, D., Uzzau, S., De Riu, G., Rubino, S., & Bussu, F. (2020). Inappropriate Nasopharyngeal Sampling for SARS-CoV-2 Detection Is a Relevant Cause of False-Negative Reports. Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, 163(3), 459-461. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0194599820931793
Rorres, C., Romano, M., Miller, J. A., Mossey, J. M., Grubesic, T. H., Zellner, D. E., & Smith, G. (2018). Contact tracing for the control of infectious disease epidemics: Chronic wasting disease in deer farms. Epidemics, 23, 71-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epidem.2017.12.006
Salathé, M., Althaus, C. L., Neher, R., Stringhini, S., Hodcroft, E., Fellay, J., Zwahlen, M., Senti, G., Battegay, M., & Wilder-Smith, A. (2020). COVID-19 epidemic in Switzerland: on the importance of testing, contact tracing and isolation. Swiss medical weekly, 150. https://doi.org/10.4414/smw.2020.20225
Saurabh, S., & Prateek, S. (2017). Role of contact tracing in containing the 2014 Ebola outbreak: a review. African Health Sciences, 17(1), 225-236.
https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v17i1.28
Sonis, J. D., Kennedy, M., Aaronson, E. L., Baugh, J. J., Raja, A. S., Yun, B. J., & White, B. A. (2020). Humanism in the Age of COVID-19: Renewing Focus on Communication and Compassion. West-ern Journal of Emergency Medicine, 21(3), 499. https://doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2020.4.47596
Stolow, J. A., Moses, L. M., Lederer, A. M., & Carter, R. (2020). How Fear Appeal Approaches in COVID-19 Health Communication May Be Harming the Global Community. Health Education & Behavior, 47(4), 531-535.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198120935073
To, K. K., Li, X., Lung, D. C., Ip, J. D., Chan, W. M., Chu, A. W., Yip, C. C., Chen, J. H. K., Poon, R. W., Tsoi, H. W., Lai, R. W., To, W. K., Ren, L., Li, M., Cao, Y., Xie, X. S., Jin, D. Y., & Yuen, K. Y. (2021). False COVID-19 cases due to contamination by inactivated virus vaccine. Clinical Infectious Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab684
Toft, E. L., Kaae, S. E., Malmqvist, J., & Brodersen, J. (2019). Psychosocial consequences of receiving false-positive colorectal cancer screening results: a qualitative study. Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, 37(2), 145-154. https://doi.org/10.1080/02813432.2019.1608040
Valent, F., Gallo, T., Mazzolini, E., Pipan, C., Sartor, A., Merelli, M., Bontempo, G., Marzinotto, S., Curcio, F., & Tascini, C. (2020). A cluster of COVID-19 cases in a small Italian town: a successful example of contact tracing and swab collection. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 26(8), 1112-1114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.04.028
Xiang, F., Wang, X., He, X., Peng, Z., Yang, B., Zhang, J., Zhou, Q., Ye, H., Ma, Y., & Li, H. (2020). Antibody detection and dynamic characteristics in patients with COVID-19. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 71(8), 1930-1934.
https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa461
Zhang, J., Lu, H., Zeng, H., Zhang, S., Du, Q., Jiang, T., & Du, B. (2020). The differential psychological distress of populations affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 87, 49-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.031
Cómo citar
Role of a COVID-19 contact tracing program in identifying a false-positive nasopharyngeal RT-PCR case: A case report. (2022). Revista Puertorriqueña De Psicologia, 32(2), 292-299. https://www.repsasppr.net/index.php/reps/article/view/704
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Cómo citar
Role of a COVID-19 contact tracing program in identifying a false-positive nasopharyngeal RT-PCR case: A case report. (2022). Revista Puertorriqueña De Psicologia, 32(2), 292-299. https://www.repsasppr.net/index.php/reps/article/view/704