El rol mediador de la identificación ateísta en la relación entre discriminación y bienestar psicológico: Un estudio preliminar
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Publicado
Dec 22, 2017
Resumen
La literatura científica identifica a la comunidad ateísta como un grupo marginado que percibe discrimen y experimenta rechazo social. Sin embargo, en Puerto Rico no existen estudios que exploren este tema ni su impacto en el bienestar psicológico de los ateos. Por esta razón, el propósito de nuestro estudio fue examinar el rol mediador de la identificación ateísta en la relación entre la discriminación percibida y el bienestar psicológico desde el Modelo Rechazo-Identificación. Este modelo postula que la identificación con el grupo marginado reduce el efecto negativo de la discriminación en el bienestar psicológico. Para esto, utilizamos una muestra no probabilística de 348 participantes seleccionados por disponibilidad. Los análisis estadísticos demostraron una mediación parcial y significativa de la identificación ateísta en la relación entre la discriminación percibida y el bienestar psicológico. Nuestro estudio aporta evidencia sobre cómo el proceso de rechazo-identificación protege el bienestar psicológico y reduce los efectos negativos de la discriminación en la comunidad ateísta.
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References
Allport, G. (1954). The nature of prejudice. Cambridge, USA: Addison-Wesley.
Armenta, B.E., & Hunt, J.S. (2009). Responding to societal devaluation: Effects of perceived personal and group discrimination on the group identification and self-esteem of Latinos/as. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 12, 23-39. doi:10.1177/ 1368430208098775
Ateos se cantan víctimas del discrimen religioso. (2016, 25 de marzo). Metro. Buscado en https://www.metro.pr
Banks, K.H., Kohn-Wood, L.P., & Spencer, M. (2006). An examination of the African American experience of everyday discrimination and psychological distress. Community Mental Health Journal, 42, 555-570. doi:10.1007/s10597-006-9052-9
Baron, R., & Kenny, D. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
Beit-Hallahmi, B. (2007). Atheists: A psychological profile. En M. Martin (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to atheism (pp. 300-318). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Branscombe, N. R., Schmitt, M. T., & Harvey, R. D. (1999). Perceiving pervasive discrimination among African Americans: Implications for group identification and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 135–149. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.77.1.135
Cimino, R., & Smith, C. (2011). The new atheism and the formation of the imagined secularist community. Journal of Media and Religion, 10, 24–38. doi:10.1080/15348423.2011.549391
Cliteur, P. (2009). The definition of atheism. Journal of Religion and Society, 11, 1-23.
Cook, C.L., Cottrell, C.A., & Webster, G.D. (2014). No good without God: Antiatheist prejudice as a function of threats to morals and values. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality. Advance online publication. doi:10.1037/rel0000013
Cragun, R.T., Kosmin, B., Keysar, A., Hammer, J.H., & Nielsen, M. (2012). On the receiving end: Discrimination toward the non-religiousin the United States. Journal of Contemporary Religion, 27, 105-127. doi:10.1080/13537903.2012.642741
Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71-75.
Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D., Oishi, S., & Biswas-Diener, R. (2009). New measures of well-being: Flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicators Research, 39, 247-266.
Doane, M. J., & Elliott, M. (2015). Perceptions of Discrimination Among Atheists: Consequences for Atheist Identification, Psychological and Physical Well-Being. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 7(2), 130-141. doi:10.1037/rel0000015
Doyle, D. M., & Molix, L. (2014). Perceived discrimination and well-being in gay men: The protective role of behavioral identification. Psychology & Sexuality, 5, 117-130. doi:10.1080/19419899.2011.653689
Edgell, P., Gerteis, J., & Hartmann, D. (2006). Atheists as ‘other’: Moral boundaries and cultural membership in American society. American Sociological Review, 71, 211-234. doi:10.1177/000312240607100203
Garstka, T.A.; Schmitt, M.T.; Branscombe, N.R.; Hummert, M.L. (2004). How Young and Older Adults Differ in Their Responses to Perceived Age Discrimination. Psychology and Aging, 19(2), 326-335. Doi:10.1037/0882-7974.19.2.326
Gervais, W. M., & Norenzayan, A. (2013). Religion and the origins of anti-atheist prejudice. In S. Clarke, R. Powell, & J. Savulescu (Eds.), Intolerance and conflict: A scientific and conceptual investigation (pp. 126–145). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof: oso/9780199640911.003.0007
Gervais, W. M., Shariff, A. F., & Norenzayan, A. (2011). Do you believe in atheists? Distrust is central to anti-atheist prejudice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101, 1189-1206. doi:10.1037/a0025882
Gervais, W.M. (2008). Do you believe in atheists? Trust and anti-atheist prejudice (Disertación doctoral inédita). University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canadá.
Giamo, L. S., Schmitt, M. T., & Outten, H. (2012). Perceived discrimination, group identification, and life satisfaction among multiracial people: A test of the rejection–identification model. Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology, 18, 319-328. doi:10.1037/a0029729
González-Rivera, J.A. (2016). Relación entre la espiritualidad y el bienestar subjetivo en una muestra de adultos puertorriqueños de ambos géneros (Disertación doctoral inédita). Universidad Carlos Albizu, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Goodman, K.M., & Mueller, J.A. (2009). Invisible, marginalized, and stigmatized: Understanding and addressing the needs of atheist students. New Directions for Student Services, 25, 55-63.
Guenther, K.M., Mulligan, K., & Papp, C. (2013). From the outside in: Crossing boundaries to build collective identity in the new atheist movement. Social Problems, 60, 457-475. doi:10.1525/sp.2013.60.4 .457
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate Data Analysis (6th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice-Hall International, Inc.
Hammer, J. H., Cragun, R. T., Hwang, K., & Smith, J. M. (2012). Forms, frequency, and correlates of perceived anti-atheist discrimination. Secularism and Nonreligion, 1, 43-67. doi:10.5334/snr.ad
Harper, M. (2007). The stereotyping of nonreligious people by religious students: Contents and subtypes. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 46, 539-552. doi:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2007.00376.x
Haslam, S. A., Jetten, J., Postmes, T., & Haslam, C. (2009). Social identity, health and well-being: An emerging agenda for applied psychology. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 58, 1–23. doi:10.1111/j .1464-0597.2008.00379.x
Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Jenks, R. J. (2001). Perceptions of two deviants and two nondeviant groups. Journal of Social Psychology, 12, 783-790.
Lahoz, S. & Forns, M. (2016). Discriminación percibida, afrontamiento y salud mental en migrantes peruanos en Santiago de Chile. Psicoperspectivas, 15(1), 157-168.
Lazarus, R. S. & Folkman, S. (1986). Estrés y procesos cognitivos. Barcelona: Martínez Roca.
Maaitah, W., Harth, N., & Kessler, T. (2016). Rejection Identification Model: The Case of Middle Eastern Refugees in Germany [Abstract]. Journal of Psychiatry, 19(3), 46.
MacKinnon, D. P. (2008). Introduction to Statistical Mediation Analysis. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Magallares, A., Morales, J.F., & Rubio, M.A. (2014). Group identification, discrimination and psychological health in an obese sample. International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 14, 421-431.
Martínez-Taboas, A., Varas, N., López, D., & Hernández, L. (2011). Lo que todo estudiante de psicología debe saber sobre las personas ateas y el ateísmo. Revista Interamericana de Psicología, 45 (2), 203-210.
Mellor, D. (2003). Contemporary racism in Australia: The experiences of aborigines. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(4), 474-486.
Murillo-Muñoz, J.A. (2013). Percepción de prejuicio, identidad nacional y bienestar subjetivo en colombianos emigrantes (Disertación doctoral inédita). Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, España.
Pascoe, E.A, & Smart-Richman, L. (2009). Perceived discrimination and health: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 135, 531-554.
Pew Research Center’s Forum on Religion & Public Life survey. Global Christianity: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World’s Christian Population. Recuperado el 7 de enero de 2017 en http://www.pewforum.org/files/2011/12/Christianity-fullreport-web.pdf.
Preacher, K. J. & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40, 879-891. doi:10.3758/BRM.40.3.879
Romero, A. J., & Roberts, R. E. (2003). The impact of multiple dimensions of ethnic identity on discrimination and adolescents’ self-esteem. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 33, 2288-2305. doi:10.1111/j.15591816.2003.tb01885.x
Roof, W.C. & Landres, J.S. (1997). Defection, Disengagement, and Dissent: The Dynamics of Religious Change in the United States. En Mordechai Bar-Lev and William Shaffir (eds.) Leaving Religion and Religious Life. Greenwich, Connecticut: JAI Press, pp. 77-95.
Ryff, C.D., Keyes, C.L., & Hughes, D. L. (2003). Status inequalities, perceived discrimination and eudaimonic well-being: Do the challenges of minority life hone purpose and growth? Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 44, 275-291.
Sánchez, A. (2015, 2 de abril). Ateos confesos: Entre la discriminación y la pena de muerte. InfoLibre. Buscado en http://www.infolibre.es
Schmitt, M. T., Branscombe, N. R., Kobrynowicz, D., & Owen, S. (2002). Perceiving discrimination against one’s gender group has different implications for well-being in women and men. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 197–210. doi:10.1177/0146167202282006
Schmitt, M.T., & Branscombe, N.R. (2002). The meaning and consequences of perceived discrimination in disadvantaged and privileged social groups. European Review of Social Psychology, 12, 167-199.
Schmitt, M.T., Spears, R., & Branscombe, N.R. (2003). Constructing a minority group identity out of shared rejection: The case of international students. European Journal of Social Psychology, 33, 1-12. doi: 10.1012/ejsp.131
Silberman, I. (2005). Religious violence, terrorism, and peace: A meaning system analysis. In R. F. Paloutzian & C. L. Park (Eds.), Handbook of religion and spirituality (pp. 529–549). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Smith, C. & Cimino, R., (2012). Atheisms Unbound: The Role of the New Media in the Formation of a Secularist Identity. Secularism and Nonreligion. 1, 17-31. doi:/10.5334/snr.ab
Smith, J. M. (2011). Becoming an atheist in America: Constructing identity and meaning from the rejection of theism. Sociology of Religion, 72, 215-237. doi:10.1093/socrel/srq082
Weber, S. R., Pargament, K. I., Kunik, M. E., Lomax, J., & Stanley, M. A. (2012). Psychological distress among religious nonbelievers: A systematic review. Journal of Religion and Health, 51, 72-86. doi:10.1007/ s10943-011-9541-1
Zdybicka, Z.J. (2005). Atheism. En Andrzej Maryniarczyk (Ed.), Universal Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Polonia: Polish Thomas Aquinas Association.
Zuckerman, P. (2005). Atheism: Contemporary Rates and Patterns. En M. Martin (Ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Atheism (pp. 47-65). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Zuckerman, P. (2009). Atheism, secularity, and well-being: How the findings of social science counter negative stereotypes and assumptions. Sociology Compass, 3, 949-971. doi:10.1111/j.1751-9020.2009.00247.x
Armenta, B.E., & Hunt, J.S. (2009). Responding to societal devaluation: Effects of perceived personal and group discrimination on the group identification and self-esteem of Latinos/as. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 12, 23-39. doi:10.1177/ 1368430208098775
Ateos se cantan víctimas del discrimen religioso. (2016, 25 de marzo). Metro. Buscado en https://www.metro.pr
Banks, K.H., Kohn-Wood, L.P., & Spencer, M. (2006). An examination of the African American experience of everyday discrimination and psychological distress. Community Mental Health Journal, 42, 555-570. doi:10.1007/s10597-006-9052-9
Baron, R., & Kenny, D. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
Beit-Hallahmi, B. (2007). Atheists: A psychological profile. En M. Martin (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to atheism (pp. 300-318). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Branscombe, N. R., Schmitt, M. T., & Harvey, R. D. (1999). Perceiving pervasive discrimination among African Americans: Implications for group identification and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 135–149. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.77.1.135
Cimino, R., & Smith, C. (2011). The new atheism and the formation of the imagined secularist community. Journal of Media and Religion, 10, 24–38. doi:10.1080/15348423.2011.549391
Cliteur, P. (2009). The definition of atheism. Journal of Religion and Society, 11, 1-23.
Cook, C.L., Cottrell, C.A., & Webster, G.D. (2014). No good without God: Antiatheist prejudice as a function of threats to morals and values. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality. Advance online publication. doi:10.1037/rel0000013
Cragun, R.T., Kosmin, B., Keysar, A., Hammer, J.H., & Nielsen, M. (2012). On the receiving end: Discrimination toward the non-religiousin the United States. Journal of Contemporary Religion, 27, 105-127. doi:10.1080/13537903.2012.642741
Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71-75.
Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D., Oishi, S., & Biswas-Diener, R. (2009). New measures of well-being: Flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicators Research, 39, 247-266.
Doane, M. J., & Elliott, M. (2015). Perceptions of Discrimination Among Atheists: Consequences for Atheist Identification, Psychological and Physical Well-Being. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 7(2), 130-141. doi:10.1037/rel0000015
Doyle, D. M., & Molix, L. (2014). Perceived discrimination and well-being in gay men: The protective role of behavioral identification. Psychology & Sexuality, 5, 117-130. doi:10.1080/19419899.2011.653689
Edgell, P., Gerteis, J., & Hartmann, D. (2006). Atheists as ‘other’: Moral boundaries and cultural membership in American society. American Sociological Review, 71, 211-234. doi:10.1177/000312240607100203
Garstka, T.A.; Schmitt, M.T.; Branscombe, N.R.; Hummert, M.L. (2004). How Young and Older Adults Differ in Their Responses to Perceived Age Discrimination. Psychology and Aging, 19(2), 326-335. Doi:10.1037/0882-7974.19.2.326
Gervais, W. M., & Norenzayan, A. (2013). Religion and the origins of anti-atheist prejudice. In S. Clarke, R. Powell, & J. Savulescu (Eds.), Intolerance and conflict: A scientific and conceptual investigation (pp. 126–145). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof: oso/9780199640911.003.0007
Gervais, W. M., Shariff, A. F., & Norenzayan, A. (2011). Do you believe in atheists? Distrust is central to anti-atheist prejudice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101, 1189-1206. doi:10.1037/a0025882
Gervais, W.M. (2008). Do you believe in atheists? Trust and anti-atheist prejudice (Disertación doctoral inédita). University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canadá.
Giamo, L. S., Schmitt, M. T., & Outten, H. (2012). Perceived discrimination, group identification, and life satisfaction among multiracial people: A test of the rejection–identification model. Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology, 18, 319-328. doi:10.1037/a0029729
González-Rivera, J.A. (2016). Relación entre la espiritualidad y el bienestar subjetivo en una muestra de adultos puertorriqueños de ambos géneros (Disertación doctoral inédita). Universidad Carlos Albizu, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Goodman, K.M., & Mueller, J.A. (2009). Invisible, marginalized, and stigmatized: Understanding and addressing the needs of atheist students. New Directions for Student Services, 25, 55-63.
Guenther, K.M., Mulligan, K., & Papp, C. (2013). From the outside in: Crossing boundaries to build collective identity in the new atheist movement. Social Problems, 60, 457-475. doi:10.1525/sp.2013.60.4 .457
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate Data Analysis (6th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice-Hall International, Inc.
Hammer, J. H., Cragun, R. T., Hwang, K., & Smith, J. M. (2012). Forms, frequency, and correlates of perceived anti-atheist discrimination. Secularism and Nonreligion, 1, 43-67. doi:10.5334/snr.ad
Harper, M. (2007). The stereotyping of nonreligious people by religious students: Contents and subtypes. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 46, 539-552. doi:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2007.00376.x
Haslam, S. A., Jetten, J., Postmes, T., & Haslam, C. (2009). Social identity, health and well-being: An emerging agenda for applied psychology. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 58, 1–23. doi:10.1111/j .1464-0597.2008.00379.x
Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Jenks, R. J. (2001). Perceptions of two deviants and two nondeviant groups. Journal of Social Psychology, 12, 783-790.
Lahoz, S. & Forns, M. (2016). Discriminación percibida, afrontamiento y salud mental en migrantes peruanos en Santiago de Chile. Psicoperspectivas, 15(1), 157-168.
Lazarus, R. S. & Folkman, S. (1986). Estrés y procesos cognitivos. Barcelona: Martínez Roca.
Maaitah, W., Harth, N., & Kessler, T. (2016). Rejection Identification Model: The Case of Middle Eastern Refugees in Germany [Abstract]. Journal of Psychiatry, 19(3), 46.
MacKinnon, D. P. (2008). Introduction to Statistical Mediation Analysis. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Magallares, A., Morales, J.F., & Rubio, M.A. (2014). Group identification, discrimination and psychological health in an obese sample. International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 14, 421-431.
Martínez-Taboas, A., Varas, N., López, D., & Hernández, L. (2011). Lo que todo estudiante de psicología debe saber sobre las personas ateas y el ateísmo. Revista Interamericana de Psicología, 45 (2), 203-210.
Mellor, D. (2003). Contemporary racism in Australia: The experiences of aborigines. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(4), 474-486.
Murillo-Muñoz, J.A. (2013). Percepción de prejuicio, identidad nacional y bienestar subjetivo en colombianos emigrantes (Disertación doctoral inédita). Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, España.
Pascoe, E.A, & Smart-Richman, L. (2009). Perceived discrimination and health: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 135, 531-554.
Pew Research Center’s Forum on Religion & Public Life survey. Global Christianity: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World’s Christian Population. Recuperado el 7 de enero de 2017 en http://www.pewforum.org/files/2011/12/Christianity-fullreport-web.pdf.
Preacher, K. J. & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40, 879-891. doi:10.3758/BRM.40.3.879
Romero, A. J., & Roberts, R. E. (2003). The impact of multiple dimensions of ethnic identity on discrimination and adolescents’ self-esteem. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 33, 2288-2305. doi:10.1111/j.15591816.2003.tb01885.x
Roof, W.C. & Landres, J.S. (1997). Defection, Disengagement, and Dissent: The Dynamics of Religious Change in the United States. En Mordechai Bar-Lev and William Shaffir (eds.) Leaving Religion and Religious Life. Greenwich, Connecticut: JAI Press, pp. 77-95.
Ryff, C.D., Keyes, C.L., & Hughes, D. L. (2003). Status inequalities, perceived discrimination and eudaimonic well-being: Do the challenges of minority life hone purpose and growth? Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 44, 275-291.
Sánchez, A. (2015, 2 de abril). Ateos confesos: Entre la discriminación y la pena de muerte. InfoLibre. Buscado en http://www.infolibre.es
Schmitt, M. T., Branscombe, N. R., Kobrynowicz, D., & Owen, S. (2002). Perceiving discrimination against one’s gender group has different implications for well-being in women and men. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 197–210. doi:10.1177/0146167202282006
Schmitt, M.T., & Branscombe, N.R. (2002). The meaning and consequences of perceived discrimination in disadvantaged and privileged social groups. European Review of Social Psychology, 12, 167-199.
Schmitt, M.T., Spears, R., & Branscombe, N.R. (2003). Constructing a minority group identity out of shared rejection: The case of international students. European Journal of Social Psychology, 33, 1-12. doi: 10.1012/ejsp.131
Silberman, I. (2005). Religious violence, terrorism, and peace: A meaning system analysis. In R. F. Paloutzian & C. L. Park (Eds.), Handbook of religion and spirituality (pp. 529–549). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Smith, C. & Cimino, R., (2012). Atheisms Unbound: The Role of the New Media in the Formation of a Secularist Identity. Secularism and Nonreligion. 1, 17-31. doi:/10.5334/snr.ab
Smith, J. M. (2011). Becoming an atheist in America: Constructing identity and meaning from the rejection of theism. Sociology of Religion, 72, 215-237. doi:10.1093/socrel/srq082
Weber, S. R., Pargament, K. I., Kunik, M. E., Lomax, J., & Stanley, M. A. (2012). Psychological distress among religious nonbelievers: A systematic review. Journal of Religion and Health, 51, 72-86. doi:10.1007/ s10943-011-9541-1
Zdybicka, Z.J. (2005). Atheism. En Andrzej Maryniarczyk (Ed.), Universal Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Polonia: Polish Thomas Aquinas Association.
Zuckerman, P. (2005). Atheism: Contemporary Rates and Patterns. En M. Martin (Ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Atheism (pp. 47-65). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Zuckerman, P. (2009). Atheism, secularity, and well-being: How the findings of social science counter negative stereotypes and assumptions. Sociology Compass, 3, 949-971. doi:10.1111/j.1751-9020.2009.00247.x
Cómo citar
El rol mediador de la identificación ateísta en la relación entre discriminación y bienestar psicológico: Un estudio preliminar. (2017). Revista Puertorriqueña De Psicologia, 28(2), 406-421. https://www.repsasppr.net/index.php/reps/article/view/375
Número
Sección
Artículo de investigación
Si se acepta un trabajo para su publicación, los derechos de impresión y de reproducción por cualquier forma y medio son de la Asociación de Psicología de Puerto Rico (APPR), que no rechazará cualquier petición razonable por parte de los autores para obtener el permiso de reproducción de sus contribuciones. Debe adjuntarse una carta tipo de cesión de derechos. Se entiende que las opiniones expresadas en los artículos son de responsabilidad exclusiva de los autores y no comprometen la opinión y política científica de la Revista ni de la APPR. Igualmente, las actividades descritas en los trabajos publicados estarán de acuerdo con los criterios de ética, tanto por lo que se refiere a los trabajos con humanos como a la experimentación animal, así como en todo lo relativo a la ética profesional.
Cómo citar
El rol mediador de la identificación ateísta en la relación entre discriminación y bienestar psicológico: Un estudio preliminar. (2017). Revista Puertorriqueña De Psicologia, 28(2), 406-421. https://www.repsasppr.net/index.php/reps/article/view/375